Bar and Rod
Plate and Sheet
Strip
Pipe and Tube
Wire
Welding
Powder Material
Cast Products
Forged Products
Fittings
Fastening
Round Bar:
φ2–500 mm, 1–6 m length
Flat/Square Bar:
4–100 mm thickness/width
Hex Bar:
A/F 3–100 mm
Hollow Bar:
OD 20–300 mm
Sheet:
0.3–6 mm thickness
Medium Plate:
6–25 mm thickness
Heavy Plate:
25–100 mm thickness
Standard Strip:
0.05–3 mm thick,
10–600 mm wide
Precision strip:
0.01–0.5 mm thick,
tight tolerance ±0.005 mm
Foil:
0.005–0.1 mm thick
Seamless Tube:
OD 6–450 mm,
WT 1–50 mm,
1–12 m length
Welded Tube:
OD 10–600 mm,
WT 1–20 mm
Capillary Tube:
OD 1–10 mm,
WT 0.1–2 mm
Wire Form:
Cold Drawn Wire,
Bright Wire,
Spring Wire,
Fine Wire,
Ultra-fine Wire
General Diameter:
φ0.1–10 mm
Coil Weight:
50–500 kg,
customizable tolerance
Solid Wire:
φ0.8–4.0 mm
Flux-cored Wire:
φ1.2–4.0 mm
Welding Rod:
φ2.0–5.0 mm
Powder Form:
AM 3D Printing Powder,
Spherical Powder,
Gas-atomized Powder,
Water-atomized Powder
Particle Size:
10–150 μm
Sphericity:
≥90% for AM grade
Cast Ingot:
φ200–800 mm
Precision Casting:
min wall 0.5 mm
Cast Pipe:
OD 100–600 mm,
WT 10–50 mm
Forged Bar:
Φ35–500 mm
Forged Ring:
OD 200–2000 mm
Forging Weight:
1–5000 kg
Fittings Form:
Elbow, Tee, Reducer, Flange, Cap, Outlet, Lap Joint
Size range:
1/2''–24'' (DN15–DN600)
Wall thickness:
Sch10–Sch160, STD, XS, XXS
Pressure Class:
150–2500 LB
Fastening Form:
Bolt, Nut, Screw, Stud, Washer, Pin, Rivet
Metric: M3–M64
Imperial: #4–2.5''
Length: 6–500 mm
S41008 is a low-carbon, non-hardening modification of type 410, a 12% chromium stainless steel. This datasheet presents the material within the American (ASTM / ASME / UNS) standard system.
With about 12.5% chromium and very low carbon, 410S minimises austenite formation at high temperature, so it remains soft and ductile even when rapidly cooled from above the critical temperature and is completely ferritic in the annealed condition. This non-hardening characteristic prevents the cracking that can occur in the martensitic 410 when welded or exposed to high temperature, giving markedly better weldability and formability. It offers corrosion resistance similar to 410 and good oxidation resistance, with a continuous service capability to about 705 °C. Being ferritic and low-nickel, it is magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment.
Typical applications include petroleum-refining and petrochemical equipment (distillation trays, tower internals, bubble caps), heat exchangers, furnace parts and burners at lower temperatures, and ore-processing and mining machinery.
| Property | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 7.7 | g/cm³ |
| Melting range | 1480–1530 | °C |
| Elastic modulus | 200 | GPa |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (20–100 °C) | 10.5 | µm/m·°C |
| Thermal conductivity (100 °C) | 24.9 | W/m·K |
| Specific heat (20 °C) | 460 | J/kg·K |
| Structure | Ferritic | — |
| Element | Symbol | Min % | Max % | Role in Alloy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | Fe | Balance | — | Base element |
| Chromium | Cr | 11.5 | 13.5 | Corrosion / oxidation resistance |
| Nickel | Ni | — | 0.60 | Residual |
| Manganese | Mn | — | 1.00 | Deoxidiser |
| Silicon | Si | — | 1.00 | Deoxidiser |
| Carbon | C | — | 0.08 | Low (non-hardening, weldability) |
| Phosphorus | P | — | 0.040 | Residual impurity |
| Sulphur | S | — | 0.030 | Residual impurity |
Annealed condition, per ASTM A240 for UNS S41008.
| Condition | Property | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Tensile strength (UTS) | ≥415 MPa |
| Annealed | 0.2% yield strength | ≥205 MPa |
| Annealed | Elongation at break | ≥22 % |
| Annealed | Hardness | ≤89 HRB |
| — | Elastic modulus | 200 GPa |
Mechanical properties cannot be increased by heat treatment. Confirm against the mill test report.
| Environment | Performance | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Atmospheric / general | Good | Similar to 410; better than carbon steel |
| Mild acids | Moderate | At low concentrations and temperatures |
| Steam / alkaline solutions | Good | Resists steam and dilute alkalis |
| Oxidation | Good | Continuous service to ~705 °C |
| Chloride stress-corrosion cracking | Very Good | Ferritic — largely immune |
Corrosion resistance is similar to type 410, adequate in mildly corrosive environments; not resistant to intergranular corrosion before or after welding in heavier sections.
A low-carbon, non-hardening grade; cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Properties are set by annealing.
Anneal Heat to approximately 650–815 °C and air cool (or slow cool). The non-hardening composition avoids martensite formation, so rapid cooling does not embrittle. Avoid prolonged exposure near 475 °C (embrittlement).
Readily welded — a key advantage over martensitic 410 — because the low carbon prevents hardening of the heat-affected zone; post-weld heat treatment is generally not required.
| Welding Process | Applicability | Filler / Consumable |
|---|---|---|
| GTAW / TIG | Good | AWS A5.9 ER410 / ER430, or 309 for ductility |
| GMAW / MIG | Good | ER410 / ER309 |
| SMAW / stick | Good | 410 or 309 electrode |
Austenitic (309) fillers give a more ductile weld where required.
Machining Guidelines
| Parameter | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Machinability | Good; similar to other ferritic grades |
| Work hardening | Low rate — good formability |
| Coolant | Ample flood coolant |
Forming Processes
| Process | Notes |
|---|---|
| Cold forming | Good — bending, roll forming, drawing |
| Hot forming | ~1100–800 °C; anneal afterward |
| Industry | Typical Components | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Petroleum refining | Distillation trays, tower internals, bubble caps | Weldability + corrosion resistance |
| Petrochemical | Heat exchangers, vessel linings | Oxidation + mild corrosion resistance |
| Thermal processing | Furnace parts, burners (lower temperature) | Oxidation resistance |
| Mining / ore | Processing and mining machinery | Wear + corrosion resistance |
| Product Form | ASTM Standard | ASME Code |
|---|---|---|
| Plate, sheet and strip | ASTM A240 | ASME SA-240 |
| Seamless / welded tube | ASTM A268 | ASME SA-268 |
| Bar and shapes | ASTM A479 | ASME SA-479 |
| Welding consumables | AWS A5.9 ER410 | — |
Low-carbon, non-hardening ferritic stainless steel. UNS S41008.
| UNS | Cr % | C % | Hardenable | Best Used For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S41008 | 11.5–13.5 | ≤0.08 | No | Low-C non-hardening 12Cr ferritic; weldable, refinery |
| S41000 | 11.5–13.5 | ≤0.15 | Yes | Martensitic 12Cr; hardenable |
| S40920 | 10.5–11.7 | ≤0.03 | No | 11Cr muffler-grade ferritic |
| S43000 | 16–18 | ≤0.12 | No | General 17Cr ferritic |
| S40500 | 11.5–14.5 | ≤0.08 | No | 12Cr-Al ferritic; non-hardening |
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